Mount Rushmore
Between October 4, 1927, and October 31, 1941, Gutzon Borglum and 400 workers sculpted the colossal 60-foot-high (18 m) carvings of United States Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln to represent the first 130 years of American history.
In 1940 Mrs. Lee and I took flying lessons, so as to combine our love of photography with flying our own small plane, and this started a try at taking some aerial stereos using a Contax 11 and a Zeiss viewfinder with cross hairs to line up the second shot.
Then in 1950 I built up a stereo unit using 2- 35 mm Karomats. Soon I found that I had to build a timer to trip the second camera about 1/3 rd of a second after the first camera was triggered, and this gave us each
sharp stereos. Everyone wanted copies, and since good large sized focusing viewers were expensive, only about 75 people were buying our duplicates. Then the Craftsmens Guild company put out an inexpensive focusing
viewer for Realist size stereos. So we started to cut down the full sized 35mm stereos, but many of them would be ruined by cutting.
Since I had tried using the square forrnat Robots with success I purchased a pair
of duralumin brackets to hold them rigid and made a triggering device to trip both cameras, so that strobe flash shots could be taken inside of places like Scotty's Castle in Death Valley. For aerials a timer is used.
After taking about 800 pictures with the Robots the shutters started to fail, so I took them all apart and found that the outer shutter leaves had burrs on them, and they were digging into the soft casting, so I had
to polish off all burrs. I also had to cut out some of the top and bottom of the rear casting so as to have the same sized picture as the Realist.
I also use either a Robot 11A or Robot Star as a rapid sequence camera with a spring wound timer to take aerial stereos and by having Mrs Rose Lee (my co-pilot) fly our Cessna 140A at a speed of 60 to 110 MPH. We can get a base of about 18 to 30 feet depending how close we are to the scene we are shooting.
The windows of our Cessna are fixed so tbat they will open up and the air flow holds them against the wing until pulled down and fastened.
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Kodachrome is used for the originals and taken at 1/250 sec. on F.4 to F 3.5 for bright sun.
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We built our own duplicating unit to get the best quality slides and use Ansco duplicating film in 100 ft rolls.
To get startling close-ups Mrs. Lee and I fly down inside of such places as Yosemite Valley, Crater Lake, Ore., Grand Canyon., Bryce and Zion and then fly close to the towering cliffs we wish to photograph.
Anyone intending to get close-up stereos in mountains, or in canyons, should be a good mountain pilot, and have an excellent co-pilot, as it takes good teamwork to get sharp close-up stereos. If' the photographer is not a
pilot he should get,a good pilot that has had plenty of experience in flying light planes in mountains, so that he will check where the down drafts are, and just where you can pick up an up draft, if needed in a hurry.
zion nat'l park, utah
Bryce Canyon National Park (/braɪs/) is an American national park located in southwestern Utah. The major feature of the park is Bryce Canyon, which despite its name, is not a canyon, but a collection of giant natural amphitheaters along the eastern side of the Paunsaugunt Plateau.
Bryce is distinctive due to geological structures called hoodoos, formed by frost weathering and stream erosion of the river and lake bed sedimentary rocks. The red, orange, and white colors of the rocks provide spectacular views for park visitors. Bryce Canyon National Park is much smaller, and sits at a much higher elevation than nearby Zion National Park. The rim at Bryce varies from 8,000 to 9,000 feet (2,400 to 2,700 m).
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The Bryce Canyon area was settled by Mormon pioneers in the 1850s and was named after Ebenezer Bryce, who homesteaded in the area in 1874.[3] The area around Bryce Canyon was originally designated as a national monument by President Warren G. Harding in 1923 and was redesignated as a national park by Congress in 1928.
The park covers 35,835 acres (55.992 sq mi; 14,502 ha; 145.02 km2)[1] and receives substantially fewer visitors than Zion National Park (nearly 4.3 million in 2016) or Grand Canyon National Park (nearly 6 million in 2016), largely due to Bryce's more remote location.
crater lake nat'l park, oregon
Scotty's Castle (also known as Death Valley Ranch) is a two-story Mission Revival and
Spanish Colonial Revival style villa located in the Grapevine Mountains of northern
Death Valley in Death Valley National Park, California, US. Scotty's Castle is named for gold prospector Walter E. Scott, although Scott never owned it, nor is it an ctual castle.
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Construction began on Scotty's Castle in 1922, and cost between $1.5 and $2.5 million. Prospector, performer, and con man Walter Scott, born in Cynthiana, Kentucky, also known as "Death Valley Scotty," convinced Chicago millionaire
Albert Mussey Johnson to invest in Scott's gold mine in the Death Valley area. Though initially angered when the mine turned out to be fraudulent, Johnson was fascinated with the colorful Scott and the two men struck up an unlikely friendship. By 1937, Johnson had acquired more than 1,500 acres (610 ha) in Grapevine Canyon, where the ranch is located.
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After Johnson and his wife Bessie made several trips to the region, and his health improved, construction began. It was Mrs. Johnson's idea to build something comfortable for their vacations in the area, and the villa eventually became a winter home.
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The Johnsons hired Martin de Dubovay as the architect, Mat Roy Thompson as the engineer and head of construction, and Charles Alexander MacNeilledge as the designer.
Unknown to the Johnsons, the initial survey was incorrect, and the land they built Death Valley Ranch on was actually government land; their land was farther up Grapevine Canyon. Construction halted as they resolved this mistake, but before it could resume, the stock market crashed in 1929, making it difficult for Johnson to finish construction. Having lost a considerable amount of money, the Johnsons used the Death Valley Ranch to produce income by letting rooms out, upon the suggestion of Scott.
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The Johnsons died without heirs and had hoped that the National Park Service would purchase the property, and in 1970, the National Park Service purchased the villa for $850,000 from the Gospel Foundation (the socially-oriented charity Johnson founded in 1946), to which the Johnsons had left the property.[5] Walter Scott, who was taken care of by the Gospel Foundation after Johnson's passing, died in 1954 and was buried on the hill overlooking Scotty's Castle next to a beloved dog.
grand canyon
national park, arizona
taj mahal and india
Taj Mahal Agar India by James Ricalton around 1905 -Colorized by Deoldify
los angeles, california
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mt lassen, california
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pebble beach, california
palm springs, california
rushmore memorial, so dakota
In 1933, the National Park Service took Mount Rushmore under its jurisdiction. Julian Spotts helped with the project by improving its infrastructure. For example, he had the tram upgraded so it could reach the top of Mount Rushmore for the ease of workers. By July 4, 1934, Washington's face had been completed and was dedicated. The face of Thomas Jefferson was dedicated in 1936, and the face of Abraham Lincoln was dedicated on September 17, 1937. In 1937, a bill was introduced in Congress to add the head of civil-rights leader Susan B. Anthony, but a rider was passed on an appropriations bill requiring federal funds be used to finish only those heads that had already been started at that time. In 1939, the face of Theodore Roosevelt was dedicated.
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Gutzon Borglum's model of Mt. Rushmore memorial @ 1936
Scotts bluff national park,
nebraska
san francisco, california
Stanford university, California
yellowstone nat'l park, wyoming
World travelers
James and Rose Lee
Aerial stereo photography combines two hobbies for Mr James F and Mrs Rose Lee, shown here with their plane. They presented a 3-D program at the International Photographic Society of American convention in San Francisco, CA in August 1955.
specialists in hyperstereo images in the 1950's
R-11 Mount Rushmore South Dakota by James and Rose Lee, Menlo Park, CA
James and Rose Lee used twin Robot Star 35mm cameras, like this one.
yosemite nat'l park
Wide Base Aerial Stereos
by James F. Lee
April 1962
YO-1 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-2 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-3 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-4 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-5 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-6 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-7 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-8 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-9 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
YO-10 Yosemite Natl Park CA by James and Rose Lee
Z-1 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Z-2 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Zion is renowned as one of the world's best places for canyoneering, the sport of descending slender canyons. The national park invites adventurers to lower into fantastic watery slots and river-filled canyons that range from strenuous hiking and wading to technical challenges with swimming and rappelling.
Z-4 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Z-5 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Z-6 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Z-7 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
Z-8 Zion Natl Park UT by James and Rose Lee
bryce canyon, utah
B-22 Bryce Canyon Silent City with Sunset Point on left UT by James and Rose Lee
B-23 Bryce Cyn Fantastic figures on rim Bryce Amphitheater UT by James and Rose Lee
B-24 Bryce Cyn Silent City close-up of Sunset Point looking west UT
by James and Rose Lee
B-25 Bryce Canyon visitors standing at Bryce Point UT by James and Rose Lee
B-25A Bryce Canyon close-up of visitors standing at Bryce Point UT
by James and Rose Lee
B-28 Bryce Canyon a colorful view from above the rim of Bryce Canyon and Sunset Point UT by James and Rose Lee
B-29 Bryce Canyon a panoramic view from above the rim of Bryce Canyon and Sunset Point UT by James and Rose Lee
B-30 Bryce Canyon Silent City and part of Bryce Creek and the Navajo Trail UT
by James and Rose Lee
B-31 Bryce Canyon Close-up of Queens Garden with Queen Victoria at right UT
by James and Rose Lee
B-32_Bryce Cyn Looking down from above the Rim Trail and Bryce Creek UT
by James and Rose Lee
Crater Lake (Klamath: giiwas) is a crater lake in south-central Oregon in the western United States. It is the main feature of Crater Lake National Park and is famous for its deep blue color and water clarity. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148-foot (655 m)-deep caldera that was formed around 7,700 (± 150) years ago by the collapse of the volcano Mount Mazama.
There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake; the evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250 years. With a depth of 1,949 feet (594 m),[4] the lake is the deepest in the United States. In the world, it ranks ninth for maximum depth, and third for mean (average) depth.
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Crater Lake features two small islands. Wizard Island, located near the western shore of the lake, is a cinder cone approximately 316 acres (128 ha) in size. Phantom Ship, a natural rock pillar, is located near the southern shore.
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Since 2002, one of the state's regular-issue license plate designs has featured Crater Lake and a one-time plate surcharge is used to support the operation of Crater Lake National Park.
The commemorative Oregon State Quarter, which was released by the United States Mint in 2005, features an image of Crater Lake on its reverse.
C-40 Crater Lake Natl Park rugged Garfield Peak west end OR by James and Rose Lee
C-41 Crater Lake Natl Park OR by James and Rose Lee
C-42 Crater Lake Natl Park overlooking west rim one sees Wizard Island OR
by James and Rose Lee
. . . .
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C-43 Crater Lake Natl Park overhead shot of Wizard Island snow-lined crater OR
by James and Rose Lee
C-44 Crater Lake Natl Park extreme close-up of Wizard Island snow-lined crater OR
by James and Rose Lee
denver, colorado - capital
DE 1 Denver CO State Capital and main part of central Denver by James and Rose
DE 2 Denver CO State Capital and main business section of central Denver
by James and Rose
devils's tower, wyoming
DT-1 Devil's Tower WY National Monument by James and Rose Lee
DT-1 Devil's Tower WY National Monument close-up by James and Rose Lee
death valley & scotty's castle, california
DV-21 Death Valley CA Aerial view of Scottys Castle by James and Rose Lee
DV-21 Death Valley CA Scottys Castle and clock tower as seen from one of the
near-by hills by James and Rose Lee
DV-23_Death_Valley_CA_Indoor_waterfall_in_living_room
_of_castle_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
DV-24 Death Valley CA the chapel and organ room of Scotty's castle
by James and Rose Lee
DV-26 Death Valley CA the kitchen of Scotty's castle with ornamental tile
by James and Rose Lee
DV-58 Death Valley CA ancient lake beds Zabriskie Point by James and Rose Lee
DV-60 Death Valley CA ancient lake beds Zabriskie Point by James and Rose Lee
DV-62 Death Valley CA Large peaks at Zabriskie Point by James and Rose Lee
DV-69 Death Valley CA Ubehee Crater by James and Rose Lee
DV-70_Death_Valley_CA_Craters_near_Ubehebe_white_salt_beds_
by_James_and_Rose_Lee
DV-71_Death_Valley_CA_Telescope_Peak_lookout_salt_beds_on_left_
by_James_and_Rose_Lee
G-1 South Rim of Grand Cyn and Village by James F Lee and Rose Lee 1950
G-2 Grand Canyon AZ Muddy Colorado in the rugged granite gorge
by James and Rose Lee
G-3_Grand_Canyon_Natl_Park_AZ_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
G-4 Phantom Ranch camp is reached by crossing the CO on the Kaibab bridge by mule or foot by James F and Rose Lee 1950
G-5_Grand_Canyon_Natl_Park_AZ_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
G-6 Grand Canyon from the watch tower at desert view on the south rim AZ
by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-6A_Grand_Canyon_Natl_Park_AZ_close-up_of_the_watch_tower_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
G-6B Looking west at the Watch Tower, Ruggeo cliffs and the Grand Canyon AZ
by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-8 Junction of the CO river, sand bar was used by Helicop to remove crash victims from Chaur Butte by James and Rose Lee 1950
​G-9_Grand_Canyon_Natl_Park_AZ_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
G-10 Marble gorge looking No towards marble cyn showing mile deep erosion by the mighty Colorado by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-11 Farms and houses of Havasupa Indian reservation surrounded by cliffs at the west of the Grand Cyn by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-12 Close-up of home-farms of about 200 Havasupai Indians who live thousands of ft below rim of Grand Cyn by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-13 A beautiful waterfall at the end of the farm land Grand Canyon
by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-14 Breathtaking c-u of the turquoise blue Havasu Creek and multi sprouted falls
Grand Canyon by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-15 Close to the rim of the Havasu creek is a magnificent view of the towering temple with the north rim by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-17 Dramatic view of the mighty Colorado winding around colorful towering cliffs Grand Canyon by James and Rose Lee 1950
G-18 Colorful temples and the north rim in the background by James_and Rose_Lee_5_1950
G-0000_James_and Rose_Lee_4_1950_pix047
G-000_James_and Rose_Lee_4_1950_pix047
G-00_James_and Rose_Lee_4_1950_pix047
G-0_James_and Rose_Lee_4_1950_pix047
The mausoleum in Agra is India’s most famous monument, and a sublime shrine to eternal love. Built from between 1632 and 1647 by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, the Taj Mahal was dedicated to Jahan’s favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth. But despite its iconic stature, much of its history is still shrouded in mystery. Here are a few things about the marble-clad marvel you might not have known.
Inside the Taj Mahal, the cenotaphs honoring Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan are enclosed in an eight-sided chamber ornamented with pietra dura (an inlay with semi-precious stones) and a marble lattice screen. But the gorgeous monuments are just for show: The real sarcophagi are in a quiet room below, at garden level.
One of the allures of the Taj Mahal is its constantly changing hue. From dawn to dusk, the sun transforms the mausoleum. It may seem pearly gray and pale pink at sunrise, dazzling white at high noon, and an orange-bronze when the sun sets. In the evenings, the Taj can appear translucent blue. Special tickets are even sold for full moon and eclipse viewings.
Local lore says that Shah Jahan wanted to construct a shadow image across the Yamuna River—an identical, but opposite Taj Mahal hewn from black marble—where he would be entombed. It was said that construction came to a halt after Shah Jahan was deposed by his son (ironically, a child of Mumtaz Mahal) and imprisoned at the nearby Agra Fort. Some historians have dismissed this story as folklore, too.
IN-1_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-2_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-4_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-6_Taj Mahal_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-7_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-7_India_Close-up_of_Taj_Mahal_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-8_India_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
IN-14_India_Feeding_time_for_monkeys_near_Jaipur_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
Bonus Historic Image by James Ricalton @ 1905
LA-1_Los_Angeles_downtown_looking_north_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
LA-2_Los_Angeles_western_part_looking_northeast_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
LA-3_Los_Angeles_downtown_looking_northeast_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
LA-5_Harold_Lloyd_estate_in_Beverly_Hills_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
ML-1_Mount_Lassen_CA_Distant_view_surrounded_by_rugged
terrain_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
Lassen Peak, commonly referred to as Mount Lassen, is the southernmost active volcano in the Cascade Range of the Western United States. Located in the Shasta Cascade
region of Northern California, it is part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which stretches from southwestern British Columbia to northern California.
Lassen Peak reaches an elevation of 10,457 feet (3,187 m), standing above the northern Sacramento Valley.
It supports many flora and fauna among its diverse habitats, which are subject to frequent snowfall and reach high elevations.
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A lava dome, Lassen Peak has a volume of 0.6 cubic miles (2.5 km3) making it the largest lava dome[2] on Earth. The volcano arose from the destroyed northern flank of now-collapsed Brokeoff Volcano about 27,000 years ago, from a series of eruptions over the course of a few years. The mountain has been significantly eroded by glaciers over the last 25,000 years, and is now covered in talus deposits.
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On May 22, 1915, a powerful explosive eruption at Lassen Peak devastated nearby areas, and spread volcanic ash as far as 280 miles (450 km) to the east. This explosion was the most powerful in a series of eruptions from 1914 through 1917.
Lassen Peak and Mount St. Helens were the only two volcanoes in the contiguous United States to erupt during the 20th century.
PB-1_Pebble_Beach_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
Pebble Beach is in Monterey County on the Monterey Peninsula. It is bordered by Carmel-by-the-Sea to the south, Pacific Grove to the north, the City of Monterey to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Big Sur is about a 40-mile (64 km) drive south on scenic State Route 1. Cypress Point in Pebble Beach is the westernmost landfall in Southern California; the dividing line between the north and south portions of the state coastline is situated at the center of the Monterey Bay shoreline near Moss Landing. Santa Cruz and San Francisco are about 45 and 120 miles (190 km) to the north, respectively.
PB-2_Pebble_Beach_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
The city became a fashionable resort in the 1900's when health tourists arrived with conditions that required dry heat. Because of the heat, however, the population dropped markedly in the summer months. In 1906 naturalist and travel writer George Wharton James' two volume The Wonders of the Colorado Desert described Palm Springs as having "great charms and attractiveness" and included an account of his stay at Murray's hotel. As James also described, Palm Springs was more comfortable in its microclimate because the area was covered in the shadow of Mount San Jacinto to the west and in the winter the mountains block cold winds from the San Gorgonio pass. Early illustrious visitors included John Muir and his daughters, U.S. Vice President Charles Fairbanks, and Fanny Stevenson, widow of Robert Louis Stevenson; still, Murray's hotel was closed in 1909 and torn down in 1954.
PS-1_Palm_Springs_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
PS-2_Palm_Springs_CA_From the tram by_James_and_Rose_Lee
R-1_Mount_Rushmore_South_Dakota_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
R-4_Mount_Rushmore_South_Dakota_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
R-10_Mount_Rushmore_South_Dakota_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
Between October 4, 1927, and October 31, 1941, Gutzon Borglum and 400 workers sculpted the colossal 60-foot-high (18 m) carvings of United States Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln to represent the first 130 years of American history. These presidents were selected by Borglum because of their role in preserving the Republic and expanding its territory. The carving of Mount Rushmore involved the use of dynamite, followed by the process of "honeycombing", a process where workers drill holes close together, allowing small pieces to be removed by hand. In total, about 450,000 short tons (400,000 long tons) of rock were blasted off the mountainside. The image of Thomas Jefferson was originally intended to appear in the area at Washington's right, but after the work there was begun, the rock was found to be unsuitable, so the work on the Jefferson figure was dynamited, and a new figure was sculpted to Washington's left.
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The Chief Carver of the mountain was Luigi del Bianco, artisan and headstone carver in Port Chester, New York. Del Bianco emigrated to the U.S. from Friuli in Italy, and was chosen to work on this project because of his remarkable skill at etching emotions and personality into his carved portraits.
R-14_Mount_Rushmore_South_Dakota_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
The Sculptor's Studio – a display of unique plaster models and tools related to the sculpting – was built in 1939 under the direction of Borglum. Borglum died from an embolism in March 1941. His son, Lincoln Borglum, continued the project. Originally, it was planned that the figures would be carved from head to waist, but insufficient funding forced the carving to end. Borglum had also planned a massive panel in the shape of the Louisiana Purchase commemorating in eight-foot-tall gilded letters the Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, Louisiana Purchase, and seven other territorial acquisitions from Alaska to Texas to the Panama Canal Zone. In total, the entire project cost US$989,992.32.
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Nick Clifford, the last remaining carver, died in November 2019 at age 98.
SB-2_Scotts_Bluff_Natl_Park_Nebraska_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-1_San_Francisco_CA_Golden_Gate_Bridge_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
Joseph Strauss was chief engineer in charge of overall design and construction of the bridge project. However, because he had little understanding or experience with cable-suspension designs, responsibility for much of the engineering and architecture fell on other experts. Strauss's initial design proposal (two double cantilever spans linked by a central suspension segment) was unacceptable from a visual standpoint. The final graceful suspension design was conceived and championed by Leon Moisseiff, the engineer of the Manhattan Bridge in New York City. At the time of its opening in 1937, it was both the longest and the tallest suspension bridge in the world, with a main span of 4,200 feet (1,280 m) and a total height of 746 feet (227 m).
SF-1_San_Francisco_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-7_San_Francisco_CA_Looking_down_CA_St_over_Nob_hill_. Lofty_Mark_Hopkins_Hotel_in_foreground_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-9_San_Francisco_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-10_San_Francisco_CA_Coit_Tower_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-11 San_Francisco_Cow_Palace_by_James_and_Rose_Lee_4_1950
SF-12_San_Francisco_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
SF-12B_Cliff_House and Sutro Baths near San_Francisco_CA_by_James_and_Rose_Lee
On March 14, 1896, the Sutro Baths were opened to the public as the world's largest indoor swimming pool establishment. The baths were built on the western side of San Francisco by wealthy entrepreneur and former mayor of San Francisco (1894–1896) Adolph Sutro.
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The structure was situated in a small beach inlet below the Cliff House, also owned by Adolph Sutro at the time. Both the Cliff House and the former baths site are now a part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, operated by the United States National Park Service. The baths struggled for years, mostly due to the very high operating and maintenance costs.
Eventually, the baths were converted into an ice skating rink until 1964 when the property was sold to developers for a planned high-rise apartment complex.
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A fire in 1966 destroyed the building while it was in the process of being demolished. All that remains of the site are concrete walls, blocked-off stairs and passageways, and a tunnel with a deep crevice in the middle. The cause of the fire was determined to be arson. Shortly afterwards, the developers left San Francisco and claimed insurance money.